Clastic Reservoirs

PART ONE: EXPLORATION APPROACHES AND CONSIDERATIONS

• CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW AND SUMMARY STATISTICS
  • Introduction
  • Worldwide Reserves Distribution
  • Field Size Range
  • History and Methods of the Discovery of Clastic Reservoirs
  • Reservoir Age
  • Tectonic Setting
    • Bally basin classification
    • Klemme basin classification
  • Burial Depth
  • Reservoir Lithology
  • Fluid Types

• CHAPTER 2: HYDROCARBON SYSTEMS IN CLASTICS
  • Introduction
  • Clastic Depositional Systems
    • Fluvial depositional system
      • Alluvial fan
      • Alluvial plain
    • Desert depositional system
    • Lacustrine depositional system
    • Coastal depositional system
      • Shoreline/shelf
      • Estuaries
      • Deltas
    • Deep-marine depositional system
    • Glaciogenic depositional system
    • Types of clastic reservoirs in the Database
  • Basin-fill Architecture and Sequence Stratigraphy
    • Controls on basin-fill architecture
    • Sequence stratigraphy of clastic systems
      • Reservoir distribution implications
  • Controls on Clastic Reservoir Quality and Their Exploration Implications
    • Depositional controls
    • Diagenetic controls
      • Cementation
      • Compaction
      • Dissolution
    • Predicting clastic reservoir quality
  • Trapping Mechanisms
    • Trap classification
      • Stratigraphic traps
      • Combination traps
      • Structural traps
    • Trap types in the Clastic Fields Database
      • Structural traps
      • Combination traps
      • Stratigraphic traps
    • Variations in trap style according to tectonic setting
  • General Trends in Source Rocks
    • Source rock age and distribution
    • Source rock lithology, depositional environment and kerogen type
    • Total organic carbon (TOC)
  • General Trends in Seals
    • Seal lithology
    • Seal depositional environment
  • Clastic Play Types
    • Fluvial plays
    • Desert plays
    • Lacustrine plays
    • Coastal plays
    • Deep-marine plays
    • Glaciogenic plays

• CHAPTER 3: FLUVIAL PLAYS
  • Introduction
  • Exploration History and Techniques
  • Tectonic Setting
    • Klemme classification
    • Bally-Snelson classification
  • Fluvial Reservoir Types
    • Alluvial-fan reservoirs
      • Definition
      • Reservoir distribution and external geometry
      • Depositional facies and reservoir architecture
      • Reservoir quality
    • Alluvial-plain reservoirs
      • Definition
      • Reservoir distribution and external geometry
      • Depositional facies and reservoir architecture
      • Reservoir quality
  • Source-rock Characteristics
  • Trapping Configuration
  • Approaches and Strategies

• CHAPTER 4: DESERT PLAYS
  • Introduction
  • Exploration History and Techniques
  • Tectonic Setting
    • Klemme classification
    • Bally-Snelson classification
  • Desert Reservoir Types
    • Erg reservoirs
      • Definition
      • Reservoir distribution and external geometry
      • Depositional facies and reservoir architecture
      • Reservoir quality
    • Mixed aeolian/fluvial-playa reservoirs
      • Definition
      • Reservoir distribution and external geometry
      • Depositional facies and reservoir architecture
      • Reservoir quality
    • Mixed aeolian/sabkha reservoirs
      • Definition, reservoir distribution and external geometry
      • Depositional facies and reservoir architecture
      • Reservoir quality
  • Source-rock Characteristics
  • Trapping Configuration
  • Approaches and Strategies

• CHAPTER 5: LACUSTRINE PLAYS
  • Introduction
  • Exploration History and Techniques
  • Tectonic Setting
    • Klemme classification
    • Bally-Snelson classification
  • Lacustrine Reservoir Types
    • Lacustrine-delta reservoirs
      • Definition
      • Reservoir distribution and external geometry
      • Depositional facies and reservoir architecture
      • Reservoir quality
    • Lacustrine beach/barrier-bar reservoirs
      • Definition
      • Reservoir distribution and external geometry
      • Depositional facies and reservoir architecture
      • Reservoir quality
    • Deep-lacustrine reservoirs
      • Definition, reservoir distribution and external geometry
      • Depositional facies and reservoir architecture
      • Reservoir quality
  • Source-rock Characteristics
  • Trapping Configuration
  • Approaches and Strategies

• CHAPTER 6: COASTAL PLAYS
  • Introduction
  • Exploration History and Techniques
  • Tectonic Setting
    • Klemme classification
    • Bally-Snelson classification
  • Reservoir Types
    • Shoreline/shelf reservoirs
      • Definition
      • Reservoir distribution and external geometry
      • Depositional facies and reservoir architecture
      • Reservoir quality
    • Estuarine reservoirs
      • Definition
      • Reservoir distribution and external geometry
      • Depositional facies and reservoir architecture
      • Reservoir quality
    • Deltaic reservoirs
      • Definition
      • Fluvial-dominated deltas
        • Reservoir distribution and external geometry
        • Depositional facies and reservoir architecture
        • Reservoir quality
      • Wave-dominated deltas
        • Reservoir distribution and external geometry
        • Depositional facies and reservoir architecture
        • Reservoir quality
      • Tide-dominated and mixed tide/fluvial influenced deltas
        • Reservoir distribution and external geometry
        • Depositional facies and reservoir architecture
        • Reservoir quality
      • Mixed wave/tide and mixed wave/tide/fluvial-influenced deltas
        • Reservoir distribution and external geometry
        • Depositional facies and reservoir architecture
        • Reservoir quality
  • Source-rock Characteristics
  • Trapping Configuration
  • Approaches and Strategies

• CHAPTER 7: DEEP-MARINE PLAYS
  • Introduction
  • Exploration History and Techniques
  • Tectonic Setting
    • Klemme classification
    • Bally-Snelson classification
  • Reservoir Types
    • Definition
    • Gravel-rich deep-marine reservoirs
      • Reservoir distribution and external geometry
      • Depositional facies and reservoir architecture
    • Submarine fan reservoirs
      • Reservoir distribution and external geometry
      • Depositional facies and reservoir architecture
    • Submarine ramp reservoirs
      • Reservoir distribution and external geometry
      • Depositional facies and reservoir architecture
    • Reservoir quality
  • Source-rock Characteristics
  • Trapping Configuration
  • Approaches and Strategies

• CHAPTER 8: GLACIOGENIC PLAYS
  • Introduction
  • Exploration History and Techniques
  • Reservoir Types
    • Definition
    • Reservoir distribution and external geometry
    • Depositional facies and reservoir architecture
    • Reservoir quality
  • Source-rock Characteristics
  • Trapping Configuration
  • Approaches and Strategies

PART TWO: DEVELOPMENT APPROACHES AND CONSIDERATIONS

• CHAPTER 9: DEVELOPING AND PRODUCING CLASTIC RESERVOIRS
  • Introduction
  • Fluid Types
  • Reservoir Heterogeneity
    • Net/Gross ratio
    • Reservoir architecture
    • Reservoir compartmentalisation
  • Drive Mechanisms
  • Secondary and Tertiary Recovery Mechanisms
  • Recovery Efficiency
    • Recovery factor by fluid type
    • Recovery factor by drive mechanism
    • Recovery factor by secondary and tertiary recovery mechanism
    • Recovery factor by geological aspects
    • Recovery factor by mobility index
  • Reservoir Classification Based on Recovery Factor, Fluid Type and Reservoir Permeability

• CHAPTER 10: HEAVY OIL/TAR RESERVOIRS
  • Overview and Summary Statistics
  • Reservoir Quality and Heterogeneity
  • Reservoir Performance and Recovery Techniques
    • Aquifer drive as the main drive mechanism
    • Solution-gas drive as the main drive mechanism
    • Gas-cap drive as the main drive mechanism
    • Compaction drive as the main drive mechanism
    • Production under very weak natural drive
  • Recovery Efficiency and Reservoir Management Stratigies

• CHAPTER 11: LOW-PERMEABILITY CONVENTIONAL-OIL RESERVOIRS
  • Overview and Summary Statistics
  • Reservoir Quality and Heterogeneity
  • Reservoir Performance and Recovery Techniques
    • Aquifer drive as the main drive mechanism
    • Solution-gas drive as the main drive mechanism
    • Gas-cap drive as the main drive mechanism
  • Recovery Efficiency and Reservoir Management Stratigies

• CHAPTER 12: INTERMEDIATE-PERMEABILITY CONVENTIONAL-OIL RESERVOIRS
  • Overview and Summary Statistics
  • Reservoir Quality and Heterogeneity
    • Fluvial reservoirs
      • Alluvial-fan reservoirs
      • Braided-fluvial reservoirs
      • Meandering-fluvial reservoirs
    • Desert reservoirs
    • Lacustrine reservoirs
    • Coastal reservoirs
      • Shoreline/shelf reservoirs
      • Estuarine reservoirs
      • Deltaic reservoirs
    • Deep-marine reservoirs
  • Reservoir Performance and Recovery Techniques
    • Aquifer drive as the main drive mechanism
      • Aquifer drive only
      • Aquifer drive with supplementary solution-gas drive
      • Aquifer drive with supplementary gas-cap drive
    • Solution-gas drive as the main drive mechanism
      • Solution gas only
      • Solution-gas drive with supplementary gravity drainage drive
      • Solution-gas drive with supplementary gas-cap drive
    • Gas-cap drive as the main drive mechanism
    • Production under very weak natural drive
  • Recovery Efficiency and Reservoir Management Stratigies

• CHAPTER 13: HIGH-PERMEABILITY CONVENTIONAL-OIL RESERVOIRS
  • Overview and Summary Statistics
  • Reservoir Quality and Heterogeneity
  • Reservoir Performance and Recovery Techniques
    • Aquifer drive as the main drive mechanism
    • Solution-gas drive as the main drive mechanism
    • Gravity drainage as the main drive mechanism
  • Recovery Efficiency and Reservoir Management Stratigies

• CHAPTER 14: GAS AND GAS-CONDENSATE RESERVOIRS
  • Overview and Summary Statistics
  • Reservoir Quality and Heterogeneity
  • Reservoir Performance and Recovery Techniques
    • Production under depletion drive without aquifer influx
      • Gas reservoirs
      • Gas-condensate reservoirs
    • Production under depletion drive with aquifer influx
      • Gas reservoirs
      • Gas-condensate reservoirs
    • Gas-hydrate production
  • Recovery Efficiency and Reservoir Management Stratigies

• BIBLIOGRAPHY

• ENCLOSURES
  • Enclosure 1.1 - Index map of clastic fields with operators indicated
  • Enclosure 1.2 - Fluid type and in-place volumes
  • Enclosure 1.3 - Discovery year
  • Enclosure 1.4 - Reservoir age
  • Enclosure 1.5 - Bally basin classification
  • Enclosure 1.6 - Klemme basin classification
  • Enclosure 1.7 - Reservoir mid-point depth (ft)
  • Enclosure 1.8 - Reservoir lithology
  • Enclsoure 2.1 - Depositional systems classification scheme
  • Enclosure 2.2 - Stratigraphic cross-section showing reservoirs, source rocks and seals
  • Enclosure 2.3 - Depositional system
  • Enclosure 2.4 - Trap classification scheme
  • Enclosure 2.5 - Trap type
  • Enclosure 2.6 - Trap styles in rift basins
  • Enclosure 2.7 - Trap styles in deltaic basins
  • Enclosure 2.8 - Trap styles in passive-margin basins
  • Enclosure 2.9 - Trap styles in foreland basins
  • Enclosure 2.10 - Trap styles in fold-thrust belts
  • Enclosure 2.11 - Trap styles in strike-slip basins
  • Enclosure 2.12 - Trap styles in inversion tectonic settings
  • Enclosure 2.13 - Trap styles in salt tectonic settings
  • Enclosure 2.14 - Source rock age and depositional environment
  • Enclosure 2.15 - Seal lithology
  • Enclosure 9.1 - Main fluid type and recovery factor
  • Enclosure 9.2 - Natural drive mechanism and strength
  • Enclosure 9.3 - Secondary and tertiary recovery techniques
  • Enclosure 9.4 - Production reservoir type